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- [해양 > 해양환경·기후연구실]2018-12-31 09:39:56/ 조회수 3755
- 유령어구 문제를 해결하기 위한 다양한 시도들
- 해양 플라스틱 쓰레기의 절반 가까이를 차지하는 것으로 알려져 있는 유령어구 문제를 해결하기 위해 다양한 방법들이 시도되고 있다. 이 중 가장 중요한 것은 자연분해가 불가능한 어구가 바다에 버려지거나 유실되는 것을 막는 것이다. 이를 위해 어민들의 인식을 개선하는 것이 무엇보다 시급하다. 두 번째 방법은 폐그물 등을 수거해서 기초처리를 거친 후 가방 등으로 재활용하는 것이다. 보다 더 복잡한 처리 과정을 거치면 폐그물은 더 다양한 방식으로 재활용할 수 있다. 캘리포니아에 있는 Bureo라는 회사는 폐어구를 녹여서 플라스틱 펠렛을 만들고 이를 서핑보드, 스케이드보드, 선글라스, 장난감 등을 만드는 데 활용하고 있다. HumanScale이라는 회사는 Bureo가 생산한 플라스틱 1킬로그램을 이용해서 사무용 의자를 생산하고 있다. 뿐만 아니라 Bureo는 칠레에 재활용센터를 운영하고 있는데 현재 26개 어민 단체가 참여하고 있으며 2013년부터 총 185톤의 폐그물이 수거되었다. Bureo는 또한 WWF와 협력하여 매년 1000톤 이상 재활용되는 그물의 질을 개선하고 있다. 그런가 하면 Aquail이라는 나일론 제조업체는 매달 항만이나 양식장 또는 해저에서 수거한 400~500톤의 폐그물을 이용해서 카펫 또는 기타 직물을 생산하고 있다. 한편, 양식장에서 주로 쓰이는 발포 플라스틱으로 인한 문제를 해결하기 위한 노력도 시도되고 있다. 발포 플라스틱은 일반적으로 쉽게 파손되어 미세플라스틱을 발생시키는 주범이다. 중국 산동성의 한 양식장은 이 문제를 해결하기 위해 쉽게 파손되지 않는 재질로 바꾸고 양식장을 정기적으로 순찰해서 부자가 유실되는 것을 막고 있다.
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