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- [해운물류 > 해운산업연구실]2017-04-10 14:15:57/ 조회수 1823
- ■ 미국 트럼프 정권의 신 해운정책인 “Energizing American Maritime Act"에 대한 반대여론 제기
- ■ 미국 트럼프 정권의 신 해운정책인 “Energizing American Maritime Act"에 대한 반대여론 제기
Jasbir S. 현 마셜제도 해사국 선임 고문은 4월 7일 도쿄 도내에서 개최된 기자간담회에서, 2월 미국 의회에 제출된 미국 국적 LNG(액화천연가스) 운송선 우대 법안에 대해 "개인적인 의견이지만 미국 조선소 건조 비용은 국제 평균의 3배이며 따라서 현실적이지 않다"고 설명하였습니다.
미국 국적 LNG 운송선의 우대 법안은 "Energizing American Maritime Act"라는 법안명으로 민주당 John Garamendi 의원, 공화당 John Duncan 의원, 공화당 John Hunter 의원들을 중심으로 2월 말 미국 하원에 공동 제출된 바 있습니다.
동 법안은 “침체되어 있는 미국 해운산업의 점진적인 진전을 위해 미국 국적선박 사용 의무화를 통해 미국적선원의 해기전승을 도모하고, 전쟁 등 비상사태 발생 시 국적선을 통한 원활한 물자수송을 추진한다”는 것이 제정 목표로 제시되었었습니다.
당시 동 법안이 화제가 되었던 것은 집권당인 공화당뿐만이 아니라 민주당의 핵심의원이었던 John Garamendi 의원이 함께 참여하여 상정한 법안이었기 때문입니다. 동 법안의 제정으로 국적선을 통한 연료수송의 의무화를 통해 국가안보를 제고하고 미국적 상선대가 유사사태시 4군의 역할을 보다 원활하게 수행할 수 있을 것으로 기대되었습니다.
동 법안은 미국이 수출하는 LNG 연료의 최대 30%까지를 미국적선의 LNG 운송선으로 수송하는 것으로 규제 의무화하고 있습니다. 해당 선박은 반드시 미국 조선소에서 건조되어야 하며 준공 후에는 반드시 미국인 국적 선원이 배승해야 합니다.
* 해당 선박에 반드시 미국인 국적 선원을 탑승하게 하는 제도는, 한국의 국가필수선박제도와 유사한 것임(해기전승 목적 등)
그런데 최근 들어 동 법안의 효과는 당초 예상된 것처럼 크지 않을 것이며, 오히려 무리하게 미국적 LNG 운송선을 건조하려다 선사들의 재정이 악화될 수 있다는 지적이 제기되고 있습니다.
Jasbir S. 고문은 "건조비용이 Aframax 기준 국제평균이 5,000만 달러 수준이라면 미국 조선소 건조 비용은 1억 5,000만 달러가 든다"라며 경제적 측면을 고려시 미국 내 조선소에서 건조하는 것은 사실상 불가능한 일이라는 견해를 제시하였습니다.
기자간담회에 참석한 현 마셜제도 해사국 LNG 선임 고문 Warren Kedenba 고문(前 미국 Chevron Copr. 간부 역임)도 "미국에서 LNG선이 건조된 것은 1980년이 가장 마지막이고 이후 미국 내에서 LNG 운송선 선박이 건조된 실례는 전무하여 관련 기술은 계승되지 않은 상태이다"라고 지적하였습니다. 그러므로 미국인 선원의 LNG선 승선 경험이 부족한 것도 향후 개선이 시급한 과제라고 언급하였습니다.
Jasbir S. 고문 : 77년 인도 해양대학교(국립)을 졸업하고 4년 반 해상 근무를 거쳐서 미국 미시간 대학에서 조선기술공학 석사 졸업 이후 엑손 모빌에 입사. 2016년 8월 퇴사하기 전까지 유조선 건조, LNG 운송선 건조 등 세계 각지의 프로젝트에 참여해 왔음
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